Animal Physiology

course introduction, composition of air, water vapor in air, solubility of gases, respiration in water, gills, countercurrent exchange, boundary layers, respiration in air, mammalian lungs

air-breathing fish, bird respiration, insect respiration, cyclic respiration, oxygen transport in blood, respiratory pigments, oxygen dissociation curves, facilitated diffusion

carbon dioxide transport, pumps and channels, water compartments, circulation patterns, cardiac output, blood vessels, physics of pipe flow, blood pressure, capillaries, exercise, invertebrate circulation, clotting

feeding, food types and mechanisms, hydrothermal springs, digestion, enzymes, wood and cellulose digestion, ruminants, nutrition, vitamins, minerals, trace elements, chemical defense, metabolic rate, energy storage, oxygen

diving mammals and birds, metabolic rate and body size, size and scaling, energy cost of locomotion, running, swimming and flying, physiological time