The Biological Approach to Mental Disorders

Treatments for mental disorder vary depending on the theory behind the mental disorder, research of various therapies, and the efficacy (success) of the treatments against the disorder. The biological approach to mental disorders is often associated with the medical model, which includes the use of medications to treat and/or manage the symptoms related to a particular mental disorder. Genetic factors have been a significant part of diagnosing disorders related to developmental disabilities, such as Down’s syndrome. However, as the understanding of genetics and their interactions with environmental catalysts grows, a greater understanding of the onset of mental disorders is also growing.

• Describe how genetic and environmental factors may influence the onset of a mental disorder.
• Explain why some individuals may have a higher risk of acquiring a particular disorder than others, especially if has been present in family members.
• Describe the main types of psychotherapies; for each type, explain how it may be more effective for a particular set of disorders.
• Describe the major types of drug classes that are used to treat mental disorders. Briefly explain how they work based on their neurochemistry.